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2.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 56(1): 21-27, Jan-Feb/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-702067

ABSTRACT

Recruitment of a specific cell population after Leishmania infection can influence the outcome of the disease. Cellular migration in response to Leishmania or vector saliva has been reported in air pouch model, however, cellular migration induced by Leishmania associated with host's blood and vector saliva in this model has not been described. Herein we investigated cellular migration into air pouch of hamster after stimulation with combination of L. chagasi and host's blood and Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva. Migration induced by saliva was 3-fold more than those induced by L. chagasi alone. Additionally, L. chagasi associated with blood and saliva induced significantly even more leukocytes into air pouch than Leishmania alone. L. chagasi recruited a diverse cell population; however, most of these cells seem to have not migrated to the inflammatory exudate, remaining in the pouch lining tissue. These results indicate that L. chagasi can reduce leukocyte accumulation to the initial site of infection, and when associated with vector saliva in the presence of blood components, increase the influx of more neutrophils than macrophages, suggesting that the parasite has developed a strategy to minimize the initial inflammatory response, allowing an unlimited progression within the host. This work reinforces the importance of studies on the salivary components of sand fly vectors of leishmaniasis in the transmission process and the establishment of the infection.


O recrutamento de uma população de células específicas após infecção por Leishmania pode influenciar o resultado da doença. A migração celular em resposta a Leishmania ou saliva do vetor tem sido reportada utilizando o modelo da bolsa de ar subcutânea, entretanto, a migração celular induzida por Leishmania associada com o sangue do hospedeiro e saliva do vetor neste modelo ainda não foi descrita. Neste trabalho foi investigada a migração celular no modelo da bolsa de ar subcutânea em hamster após a estimulação com a combinação de L. chagasi, sangue do hospedeiro e saliva de Lutzomyia longipalpis. A migração induzida por saliva foi três vezes maior do que a induzida por L. chagasi sozinha. Adicionalmente, L. chagasi associada com sangue e saliva induziu significativamente ainda mais leucócitos no exsudato inflamatório do que o estímulo com Leishmania sozinha. L. chagasi recrutou uma população de células distintas, no entanto, a maioria dessas células parece não ter migrado para o exsudato inflamatório, permanecendo no tecido da bolsa de ar. Estes resultados indicam que L. chagasi pode reduzir o acúmulo de leucócitos para o local inicial da infecção e que quando associada à saliva do vetor e na presença de componentes do sangue aumenta o influxo de mais neutrófilos do que macrófagos, sugerindo que o parasito desenvolveu uma estratégia para minimizar a resposta inflamatória inicial, permitindo uma progressão ilimitada dentro do hospedeiro. Este trabalho reforça a importância de mais estudos sobre os componentes da saliva dos vetores das leishmanioses no processo de transmissão e no estabelecimento da infecção.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Female , Male , Cell Movement/immunology , Leishmania infantum/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/pathology , Psychodidae/parasitology , Saliva/parasitology , Disease Models, Animal , Exudates and Transudates/immunology , Exudates and Transudates/parasitology , Host-Parasite Interactions/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/immunology , Psychodidae/immunology , Saliva/immunology
3.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 12(2): 115-122, Apr. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-486311

ABSTRACT

Enteroparasites are related to gastrointestinal alterations among patients with HIV/AIDS, some causing severe manifestations in the period before the institution of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The prevalence of enteroparasitoses in patients with HIV/AIDS seen at two hospitals in Ceará , Brazil, was compared in the pre-HAART (Group 1; n = 482) and HAART (Group 2; n = 100) eras. Fecal parasitologic examinations (FPE) were performed using the direct, Lutz, Baermann-Moraes and modified Ziehl-Neelsen methods. The following parasites were detected in Groups 1 and 2, respectively: Strongyloides stercoralis - 30.1 percent and 11 percent (p<0.0001), Ascaris lumbricoides - 15.6 percent and 2 percent (p<0.0001), hookworms - 13.7 percent and 2 percent (p<0.0001), Trichuris trichiura - 13.1 percent and 1 percent (p<0.0001), Hymenolepis nana - 0 and 1 percent (p = 0.1718), Giardia duodenalis - 7.9 percent and 1 percent (p = 0.0076), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar - 3.3 percent and 1 percent (p = 0.3301), Isospora belli - 4.8 percent and 1 percent (p = 0.0993), Cryptosporidium sp. - 8.1 percent and 0 (p = 0.0007), and non-pathogenic protozoans as well. There was a significant reduction in the prevalence of enteroparasites between the eras (63.9 percent to 24 percent; p<0.0001). In the HAART era, the following observations were made: greater frequency of enteroparasites in patients without antiretroviral therapy (p = 0.0575), as in those with AIDS (p = 0.08), and diarrhea (36 percent of the patients); lack of association with positive FPE (p = 0.626); and non-detection of Cryptosporidium sp. Strongyloides stercoralis showed an elevated prevalence in the two eras and was more frequent in men (32.41 percent) than women (19.04 percent) of Group 1 (p = 0.018), a finding suggesting the transmission of the helminth through sodomy. The advent of the HAART modified the profile of opportunistic infections, including parasites, probably due...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Helminthiasis/epidemiology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Protozoan Infections/epidemiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil/epidemiology , Feces/parasitology , Helminthiasis/drug therapy , Helminthiasis/parasitology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Protozoan Infections/drug therapy , Protozoan Infections/parasitology , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
4.
Rev. argent. cir ; 79(6): 250-5, dic. 2000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-288022

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Los pacientes con invasión transmural de cáncer colorrectal y ganglios linfáticos negativos (Dukes B), al momento de la resección, pueden presentar micrometástasis ganglionares. Objetivo: Identificar células tumorales en ganglios provenientes de piezas colorrectales, considerados libre de enfermedad por el clásico método de hematoxilina-eosina. Lugar de aplicación: Hospital general. Diseño: Retrospectivo. Población: Se seleccionaron 160 resecciones colónicas y rectales, 54 (34 por ciento) de las cuales correspondieron al estadio B de Dukes. Método: Se efectuaron cortes de los ganglios linfáticos de 3 micrones de espesor. Luego fueron colocados en solución de citrato de buffer (pH 6). La peroxidasa endógena fue inhibida con H2O2 en metanol. Se incubaron con anticuerpo AE1 y AE3. El sistema de detección usado fue el Vestactin Universal Elite ABC. El revelado se efectuó con diaminobencidina al 0,5 por ciento. Resultados: De los 54 casos estudiados, 5 resultaron citoqueratina positiva (9,3 por ciento). De los 5 casos Dukes B con micrometástasis ganglionares, mueren 3 (60 por ciento), de los 49 Dukes B sin micrometástasis, fallecen 4 (8,2 por ciento). Conclusiones: La técnica de inmunomarcación es capaz de identificar micrometástasis en ganglios linfáticos no halladas por técnicas convencionales. La presencia de células citoqueratina positiva, empobrece significativamente el pronóstico de los pacientes Dukes B


Subject(s)
Humans , Colonic Neoplasms/mortality , Rectal Neoplasms/mortality , Immunohistochemistry , Keratins , Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnosis , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate
5.
Rev. Soc. obstet. ginecol. B.Aires ; 75(923): 325-36, dic. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-205019

ABSTRACT

El gen p53 regula el ingreso de las células a la fase S del ciclo celular mediante la síntesis de una proteína efectora. La mutación de este gen se relacionaría con la pérdida de la capacidad supresora y la concomitante progresión tumoral. La génesis del carcinoma de cérvix podría vincularse a la mutación del gen p53 por acción del ADN viral (HPV). Realizamos la inmunomarcación de la proteína p53 en 88 biopsias de cérvix. De éstas, 10 correspondieron a cuello normal, 41 a lesiones intraepiteliales de bajo grado, 24 a lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado y 13 a carcinomas invasores. La positividad fue del 10 por ciento, 58,5 por ciento, 70,8 por ciento y 92,3 por ciento respectivamente. Se evaluó también: atipia coilocitótica, reacción inflamatoria, localización e intensidad de la inmunomarcación, tipo de carcinoma invasor, etc. En este informe queda demostrado que el mayor grado de lesión correlaciona con mayor expresión de proteína p53 anómala o mutada


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , DNA Probes, HPV/genetics , Genes, p53/physiology , Immunohistochemistry/statistics & numerical data , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/adverse effects , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/etiology , Carcinoma/pathology , Condylomata Acuminata/virology , DNA Probes, HPV/adverse effects , Papillomaviridae/pathogenicity , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 29(2): 181-4, Mar.-Apr. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-187144

ABSTRACT

In order to evaluate the aplicability of the Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) as a method of detection of the natural canine infection for Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, it was realized a study involving the serum of naive dogs from Serra de Baturite, Ceara State, an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis, and others from Curitiba, Parana State, a non endemic area. The results indicate the possibility of using this sorologic test to the epidemiologic research of the infection in the reservoir host; in this case, the dog.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Agglutination Tests , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/veterinary , Disease Reservoirs/veterinary , Brazil/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Leishmania braziliensis/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology
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